International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences

International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences

Histopathological Spectrum of Hepatic Lesions in Liver Biopsy and Resection Specimens: A Retrospective Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Surendhar Asokan
Mythili Rajendran
Rajeswari Srinivasan
Department of Pathology, Government Kallakuirchi Medical College, Tamilnadu, India
10.30485/ijsrdms.2026.581843.1703
Abstract
Background and aim: Liver diseases include a broad spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions and remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosing many hepatic disorders and plays a crucial role in patient management. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic characteristics and histomorphological spectrum of hepatic lesions diagnosed over two years at a tertiary care centre.
Materials and methods: This retrospective descriptive study included 110 liver biopsy and resection specimens examined in the Department of Pathology at Government Stanley Medical College over 2 years. Routine histopathological evaluation was performed using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, with immunohistochemistry applied when required. Demographic data, specimen types, and histopathological findings were analyzed.
Results: Of the 110 cases, 53 were biopsies, and 57 were resection specimens. Among biopsy specimens, 32% were non-neoplastic, and 68% were malignant. In resection specimens, 32% were non-neoplastic, 18% were benign neoplasms, and 51% were malignant. A marked male predominance was observed in both groups. Metastatic carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion in biopsy specimens, whereas hepatocellular carcinoma was the predominant malignant tumour in resection specimens. Hydatid cyst was the most frequent non-neoplastic lesion among resected specimens.
Conclusions: Hepatic lesions exhibit a wide histopathological spectrum, with malignant neoplasms comprising the majority of cases. Histopathological evaluation remains essential for accurate diagnosis, appropriate clinical management, and early detection of serious liver diseases, thereby contributing significantly to improved patient outcomes.
Keywords
Biopsy
Cholangiocarcinoma
Immunohistochemistry
Liver Cirrhosis
Pathology
Subjects
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International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences
Volume 8, Issue 1
Winter 2026
Pages 19-24

  • Receive Date 18 January 2026
  • Revise Date 20 February 2026
  • Accept Date 28 February 2026
  • Publish Date 01 March 2026