Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue, the Importance of Early Diagnosis in Danger Zone: A Case Report

Document Type : Case Reports

Authors

1 Oral Medicine Department, Dental School, Semnan University of Medical science, Semnan, Iran

2 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Dental School, Semnan University of Medical Science, Semnan, Iran

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma is increasing worldwide, especially in developing countries. The etiology of Oral cancer is multifactorial, and most of the cancer deaths can be prevented through lifestyle modifications, early detection and effective treatment. A 27-year-old man who referred to the Oral Medicine Department of Semnan Dental School complaining of redness on his tongue which has been emerged for eight months. Clinical and histopathological examinations have confirmed the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Since, the patient didn’t have any lymph node involvement, the Clinical stage of OSCC was considered as Stage I. He was treated by an Otorhinolaryngologist and on follow up session the patient declared a chief complaint of a swelling in the sublingual fold which was diagnosed as Ranula. Surgery despite improvements, several functional and aesthetic structures of the oral cavity still sacrifice during the surgical procedures of OSCC. Since the Oral cavity has essential anatomical landmarks and OSCC will bring some morbidity for the patients; therefore, surgical treatment should be carefully considered in the risky anatomical areas of the oral cavity, and it is recommended to be performed by maxillofacial surgeons who are more proficient in oral anatomical landmarks to do not impose any complicate for the patient.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1]  Johnson NW, Jayasekara P, Amarasinghe AH. Squamous cell carcinoma and precursor lesions of the oral cavity: epidemiology and aetiology. Periodontology 2000. 2011;57(1):19.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.2011.00401.x.
[2] Jefferies S, Eeles R, Goldgar D, A'hern R, Henk JM, Gore M, Rhys-Evans P, Archer D, Bishop K, Murkin A, Solomon E. The role of genetic factors in predisposition to squamous cell cancer of the head and neck. British journal of cancer. 1999;79(5-6):865. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6690138.
[3]  Lin T, Zhang B, He H. Identification of genes correlated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of cancer research and therapeutics. 2018;14(10):675. DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.202893.
[4] Alves AM, Correa MB, Silva KD, Araújo LM, Vasconcelos AC, Gomes AP, Etges A, Tarquinio SB. Demographic and clinical profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma from a service-based population. Brazilian Dental Journal. 2017;28(3):301-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201601257.
[5] Scully C. Oral cancer aetiopathogenesis; past, present and future aspects. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011;16(3):e306-11. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.4317/medoral.16.e306.
[6] Rodriguez T, Altieri A, Chatenoud L, Gallus S, Bosetti C, Negri E, Franceschi S, Levi F, Talamini R, La Vecchia C. Risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer in young adults. Oral oncology. 2004;40(2):207-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2003.08.014.
[7] Patel SC, Carpenter WR, Tyree S, Couch ME, Weissler M, Hackman T, Hayes DN, Shores C, Chera BS. Increasing incidence of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in young white women, age 18 to 44 years. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2011;29(11):1488-94. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2010.31.7883.
[8] Upadhyay J, Rao NN, Upadhyay RB, Agarwal P. Reliability of toluidine blue vital staining in detection of potentially malignant oral lesions--time to reconsider. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011;12(7):1757-60. 2011 Jan 1;12(7):1757-60.  PMID: 22126560.
[9] Batista AC, Costa NL, Oton-Leite AF, Mendonça EF, Alencar RD, Silva TA. Distinctive clinical and microscopic features of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and lip. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2010;109(3):e74-9.doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.10.034.
[10] Warnakulasuriya S. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Oral oncology. 2009;45(4-5):309-16. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.06.002.
[11] Llewellyn CD, Johnson NW, Warnakulasuriya KA. Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity in young people—a comprehensive literature review. Oral oncology. 2001;37(5):401-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1368-8375(00)00135-4.
[12] Jacomacci WP, Iwaki Filho L, Iwaki LC, Silva MC, Pielarisi N, Veltrini VC, Lazarin RD, Tolentino ED. Carcinoma in situ in a patient with erythroleukoplakia: challenges in the diagnosis and in the therapeutic choice Short title: Carcinoma in situ in erythroleukoplakia. Revista de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-maxilo-facial. 2014;14(4):33-4. 
[13] Yu CH, Lin HP, Chen HM, Yang H, Wang YP, Chiang CP. Comparison of clinical outcomes of oral erythroleukoplakia treated with photodynamic therapy using either light‐emitting diode or laser light. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine: The Official Journal of the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery. 2009;41(9):628-33. https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20841.
[14] Bradshaw PT, Siega-Riz AM, Campbell M, Weissler MC, Funkhouser WK, Olshan AF. Associations between dietary patterns and head and neck cancer: the Carolina head and neck cancer epidemiology study. American journal of epidemiology. 2012;175(12):1225-33. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr468.
[15] Loney WW, Termini S, Sisto J. Plunging ranula formation as a complication of dental implant surgery: a case report. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2006;64(8):1204-8.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2006.04.032.
[16] Zhao YF, Jia Y, Chen XM, Zhang WF. Clinical review of 580 ranulas. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2004;98(3):281-7.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2004.01.013 .
[17] Mandel L. Plunging ranula following placement of mandibular implants: case report. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2008;66(8):1743-7 .DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2006.08.003.
[18] Nahlieli O, Droma EB, Eliav E, Zaguri A, Shacham R, Bar T. Salivary Gland Injury Subsequent to Implant Surgery. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2008;23(3).
International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences
Volume 2, Issue 2
June 2020
Pages 63-66

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 March 2020
  • Revise Date: 08 June 2020
  • Accept Date: 12 June 2020

Share

How to cite

Statistics