Tehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences2676-54971220190601Comparison of Oral Manifestations in Patients with Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism in Outpatient Clinic of Razi Hospital in Rasht City in 2018168975510.30485/ijsrdms.2019.89755ENMohadese Barri DizajSchool of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0001-7484-4714Zahra AbdolkarimpourDepartment of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-1028-6079Maryam RabieiDepartment of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-3724-0783Mojtaba MehrdadDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0003-2641-452XJournal Article20190525<strong>Background and aim:</strong> Comparison of oral manifestations in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in an outpatient clinic of Razi Hospital in Rasht City.<br /><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 121 patients with hypothyroidism and 55 patients with hyperthyroidism referred to an outpatient Clinic of Razi Hospital in Rasht City under the supervision of an endocrinologist. Patients' information was recorded in a questionnaire after the oral examination. Data were described by using SPSS 22.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of patients in this study was 44.3±13.7 years. 47.1% of hypothyroidism and 21.8% of hyperthyroidisms had a congress tongue (p<0.0001). Macroglossia was 43.8% in hypothyroidism and 14.5% in hyperthyroidism patients (approximately 3 times) (p <0.0001). Only 5% of hypothyroid patients were oral lichen planus, while none of the hyperthyroidisms had oral lichen planus (p=0.101).<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> As discussed in this study, oral manifestations in thyroid patients, especially hypothyroidisms, were observed. They considered the possibility of manifestations such as lichen planus, xerostomia, and knowledge of recognizing the clinical signs of these lesions. The interaction between dentists and endocrinologists, accurate follow up of these patients, and control of their complications and considerations during work with these patients to prevent the possible complications should be paying attention.http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_89755_26161156a9c59da0f7c22e70d75da8b2.pdfTehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences2676-54971220190601Dental Students’ Perceptions of Learning Environment in Guilan University of Medical Sciences7128975610.30485/ijsrdms.2019.89756ENSamira JamaliStudent Research Center, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0003-3803-1235Bardia Vadiati SaberiDepartment of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-6669-0521Mahdokht TaheriEducation Development Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran0000-0002-8970-9336Journal Article20190527<strong>Background and aim:</strong> This study aimed to assess dentistry students' understanding of the educational environment of Guilan University of Medical Sciences in two Basic and clinical fields.<br /><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the academic year of 2016-17 at the Faculty of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences. For this purpose, a sample of 190 students was selected in both the primary and clinical fields. Assess the learning environment, DREEM's Assessment Questionnaire (DREEM) questionnaire consisted of 50 questions in 5 areas of learning, professors, student perception of their ability, educational background, and student perception of their social status. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney test in SPSS Ver 16 software.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The findings showed that the average total score of educational and learning environments in the Basic Section was 108.22 in the maximum of 200, and the Clinical Section was 111.03, which means a favorable threshold. In Basic Section, the lowest average score was 15.28 for self-social understanding, and the highest score was 26.09 for the educational atmosphere, while in the Clinical Section, the lowest and the highest mean scores were 15.81and 26.56 related to the same field of Basic Section.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results showed that the perception of students at two different levels of Basic Science and Clinical Section from the educational environment is favorable, but more attention of the faculty members to reducing the stress of the environment and creating an appropriate environment is essential.http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_89756_24e2ed831556ce3d079a79514c2a5d55.pdfTehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences2676-54971220190601The Comparison of the Effect of Photodynamic Therapy Using two Photosensitizer Indocyanine Green and Methylene Blue on the Colony Count of Staphylococcus Aureus (In Vitro)13178975710.30485/ijsrdms.2019.89757ENZahra SanaeiFaculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-5916-9543Arash AziziDepartment of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-9219-1219Arash RahimiDepartment of Biophysics, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Dental Branch, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0147-7033Journal Article20190528<strong>Background and aim:</strong> Contamination of microorganisms, including Staphylococcus Aureus, in oral saliva and oral tissues, is a common problem. Therefore, in this study, photodynamic therapy's effect on the number of oral Staphylococcus Aureus colonies. Was evaluated using two indices of Indocyanine Green and Methylene Blue with sensitizer with Chlorhexidine mouthwash.<br /><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> In the first stage, a new culture of ATCC St.Aureus 25923 was performed. Colonies of Staphylococcus Aureus were counted. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups: the first group was Methylene Blue, and the second group was subjected to 2% Indocyanine Green. All samples from both groups were sampled before laser irradiation and colonized in the culture medium for 24 hours. The third group of teeth was immersed in 2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash and sampled. The fourth group was considered as the control group. Also, Post hoc analysis was used for comparing before and after treatment in each group.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> This study showed that all three experimental groups reduced the number of Staphylococcus Aureus colonies. However, Indocyanine Green and Methylene Blue did not significantly decrease the number of colonies before and after treatment (p> 0.05), but Chlorhexidine caused a significant decrease in the number of Staphylococcus colony Aureus (p <0.05).<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of this study showed that all three groups of Chlorhexidine, Indocyanine Green and Methylene Blue, reduced the colony count of Staphylococcus Aureus, although the effects of the reduction of Staphylococcus Aureus were significantly more severe than Chlorhexidine.http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_89757_85305520246eba8ca1edea5ebc438e50.pdfTehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences2676-54971220190601The Ability of Cone Beam Computed Tomography to Predict Osteopenia and Osteoporosis via Radiographic Density Derived from Cervical Vertebrae18228975810.30485/ijsrdms.2019.89758ENSalar PayahooDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental School, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran0000-0001-7177-4407Golchin JabbariDepartment of Endodontics, Dental School, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran0000-0002-5527-9817Journal Article20190601<strong>Background and Aim:</strong> Osteoporosis (OP) is defined as a bone density-related disorder identified by a reduction of the microstructure quality of bone with increased fracture risk. The current study aimed to evaluate the ability of the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging method to predict osteoporosis and osteopenia using Radiographic Density (RD) values derived from cervical vertebrae.<br /><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> This study was a descriptive-cross sectional study conducted on 54 research units suffering from osteopenia and osteoporosis in the hip, aged 42-72 years. Finally, the values of RD from the lateral mass of the first cervical vertebra on both right and left side and dens and body of the second cervical vertebrae were calculated by NNT viewer software.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Comparing all values of RD obtained from the first cervical vertebrae and second cervical vertebrae revealed a statistically significant difference between the three groups (P-value <0.05).It was also found that the most accurate prediction of osteoporosis was related to the values of RD from body of C2 so that the accuracy equals 99% and cut-off point (Cut-point) of it was 293, respectively. Also, the most accurate prediction of hip-related osteopenia was for the values of RD from the body of C2 so that the accuracy is88%, and the cut-off point is also 375.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the findings of this study, osteoporosis and osteopenia status can be predicted through RD value amounts related to a body part of the second cervical vertebra, which was more precise than the other parts.http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_89758_9135a64177817714b5cdf69ee090aee0.pdfTehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences2676-54971220190601The Relationship between Serum Uric Acid Level and Pulmonary Artery Hypertension in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure23258975910.30485/ijsrdms.2019.89759ENSomaye JamaliDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-4359-1667Farokhlegha AhmadiDepartment of Nephrology, Nephrology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0927-8514Mitra Mahdavi-MazdehIranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-9304-1877Anahita TavoosiCardiology Department, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-0491-0231Journal Article20190604<strong>Background and aim:</strong> Uric Acid is the final production of purine metabolism. The serum concentration of this substance is related to purine metabolism and renal clearance. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with CKD may be induced or aggravated by left ventricular (LV) disorders. The presence of risk factors typical to CKD is including volume overload, an arteriovenous fistula, sleep-disordered breathing. Exposure to dialysis membranes, endothelial dysfunction, vascular calcification and stiffening, and severe anemia.<br /><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> In this study relation between Uric Acid levels and PH in 70 patients with non-dialysis renal failure (41 females, 29 males) with a mean age of 61.71±12.44 years were assessed. The required information is extracted from the patients' records based on the questionnaire. Finally, the results are analyzed according to the SPSS program.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> PH was defined as a PASP ≥ 35 mmHg by echocardiography. 36 CKD patients had PH (51.4%). Average Uric Acid levels in patients with PH were significantly higher than healthy controls (p = 0.003). For 1mmHg increase Uric Acid, 0.94 mmHg in pulmonary artery pressure level will increase. There was no significant difference between patients with PH and patients without PH according to age, gender, BMI, MAP, GFR, EF, RV size & function, LV diastolic dysfunction, SMRV, and TAPSE.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Control of high Uric Acid levels and the treatment of risk factors of PH for prevention PH seems reasonable.http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_89759_8f04a4186a40986ba830dd4dadfd78c7.pdfTehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical SciencesInternational Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences2676-54971220190601Evaluation of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in Dialysis Patients Referring to the Hemodialysis Department of 5th Azar Hospital in Gorgan City, 2017- 201826308976010.30485/ijsrdms.2019.89760ENElaheh RamezaniFaculty of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran0000-0001-8730-7002Amir Reza AhmadiniaDepartment of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran0000-0001-7428-6652Journal Article20190608<strong>Background and aim:</strong> Patients who undergo hemodialysis treatment have problems like periodontal diseases because of the side effects of their illness or their drugs. This study evaluates periodontal problems and their therapeutic needs by assessing the CPITN index in patients with dialysis to take a step toward the periodontal health of these patients.<br /><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> This study was performed on 55 dialysis Patients admitted to the ward of hemodialysis of the 5th Azar Gorgan Hospital, who were eligible. After giving necessary explanations, the day after their dialysis treatment, they received a periodontal examination. We used SPSS18 for statistical analysis of the data.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Measurement of the CPITN index showed that normal periodontal status (code 0): 7.3%, bleeding on probing (code 1): 10.9%, dental calculus (code 2): 49.1%, low depth pockets (code 3): 27.3%, deep pockets (code 4): 5.5%. In other words, four patients (7.3%) didn’t need any treatments, 6 of them (10.9%) needed oral hygiene instruction, 42 of them (76.4%) needed oral hygiene instruction and scaling, and 3 of them (5.5%) needed advanced periodontal treatments.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study shows that most hemodialysis patients were not in a good situation for periodontal diseases and needed treatments. Also, it was found that the CPITN index does not matter on the sex or age, but it has a meaningful relationship with the duration of dialysis treatment; in other words, the longer duration of dialysis treatment causes more periodontal problems.http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_89760_31a612ab77d9c5527f4e58f6321a55e9.pdf