Tehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences 2676-5497 8 1 2026 03 01 Correlation of CD4 Cell Count with Absolute Lymphocyte Count, Haemoglobin Level, and Platelet Count in HIV-Positive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study 1 7 246641 10.30485/ijsrdms.2026.582246.1704 EN Nilam Charaniya Department of Pathology, Rabindranath Tagore Medical College, Udaipur, India 0009-0008-6952-9312 Gunja Dwivedi Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 0009-0008-2306-6148 Swati Agarwal Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 0009-0004-4236-1020 Aman Charaniya Department of Pathology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur, India 0009-0005-5140-4958 Minal Jain Department of Pathology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur, India 0009-0002-3735-0365 Journal Article 2026 01 11 Background and aim: CD4+ T-lymphocyte count is the reference standard for assessing immune status and monitoring HIV progression, but its measurement is often unavailable in resource-limited settings. This study evaluated routine haematological parameters as potential surrogate markers for identifying severe immunosuppression in HIV-infected adults. Material and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 245 HIV-positive adults attending the ART Centre at Maharana Bhupal Government Hospital, Udaipur, India. Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), haemoglobin (Hb), total leucocyte count (TLC), and platelet count were measured using an automated haematology analyser, while CD4 counts were determined by flow cytometry. Pearson’s correlation assessed associations between CD4 count and haematological parameters, and diagnostic performance was evaluated using a CD4 threshold of ≤200 cells/mm³. Results: The mean participant age was 40.06 ± 12.9 years, and 60.8% were male. Severe immunosuppression was identified in 42.1% of patients. ALC showed the strongest positive correlation with CD4 count (r=0.482, p<0.05) and demonstrated high specificity (86.6%) but modest sensitivity (43.7%) for detecting severe immunosuppression. Hb showed a weaker yet significant positive correlation with CD4 count (r=0.272, p=0.002), whereas platelet count and TLC were not significantly associated with CD4 levels. Conclusions: ALC is a simple, inexpensive, and readily available marker that may assist in identifying severe immunosuppression when CD4 testing is inaccessible. However, because of its limited sensitivity, it should complement rather than replace CD4 estimation. Hb may provide additional clinical information, whereas platelet count and TLC have limited utility as surrogate markers.

http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_246641_5e37694f8eb85b6e8524e4c04f37523f.pdf

Tehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences 2676-5497 8 1 2026 03 04 Association of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers with Giant Cell Tumor of Bone and Local Recurrence: A Prospective Comparative Study 8 12 246643 10.30485/ijsrdms.2026.584105.1706 EN Vasudha Dhupper Department of Biochemistry, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India Umesh Yadav Department of Orthopaedics, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India 0000-0002-5006-9597 Journal Article 2026 01 06 Background and aim: Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive skeletal neoplasm with a high risk of local recurrence. Although oxidative stress has been implicated in tumor progression, its systemic role in GCTB remains poorly understood. This study evaluated systemic oxidative stress and antioxidant status in patients with GCTB and investigated their potential association with local recurrence. Material and methods: In this prospective comparative study, 48 participants were enrolled, including 24 healthy controls, 20 patients with GCTB without recurrence, and 4 patients with local recurrence. Venous blood samples were collected at diagnosis from all participants and at the time of recurrence in recurrent cases. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured using standardized colorimetric and enzymatic assays. Results: Patients with GCTB showed significantly higher serum MDA levels and significantly lower SOD activity than healthy controls (p < 0.05), indicating disruption of systemic redox homeostasis. Recurrent cases demonstrated the highest MDA levels and the lowest SOD activity; however, differences between recurrent and non-recurrent patients were not statistically significant. Conclusions: GCTB is associated with increased systemic oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant capacity. Although recurrent tumors exhibited greater oxidative imbalance, these findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the limited number of recurrent cases. Larger prospective studies are required to determine whether oxidative stress biomarkers have prognostic value for predicting local recurrence in GCTB.

http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_246643_7207914e27786a4b73dad9aa055628aa.pdf

Tehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences 2676-5497 8 1 2026 03 01 Significance of Platelet Count and Platelet Indices for Assessing the Presence and Severity of Preeclampsia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study 13 18 246642 10.30485/ijsrdms.2026.582602.1705 EN Swati Agarwal Department of Pathology, Rabindranath Tagore Medical College, Udaipur, India 0009-0004-4236-1020 Gunja Dwivedi Department of Pathology, Rabindranath Tagore Medical College, Udaipur, India 0009-0008-2306-6148 Nilam Charaniya Department of Pathology, Rabindranath Tagore Medical College, Udaipur, India 0009-0008-6952-9312 Aman Rahimbhai Charaniya Department of Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 0009-0005-5140-4958 Journal Article 2026 01 01 Background and aim: Preeclampsia is a multisystem hypertensive disorder of pregnancy associated with considerable maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Platelet activation and increased platelet consumption are key features of its pathophysiology and may be reflected by alterations in platelet count and platelet indices. This study evaluated the clinical significance of platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) in women with preeclampsia and their association with disease severity. Material and methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 100 pregnant women (50 normotensive controls and 50 with preeclampsia) were recruited from M.B. Government Hospital and R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur, India. Platelet parameters were measured using an automated haematology analyser. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and ROC curve analysis. Results: Women with preeclampsia had significantly lower platelet counts than controls, with a further decline as disease severity increased (p<0.001). MPV and PDW increased significantly with worsening disease severity (p=0.024 and p=0.001, respectively), whereas PCT showed no significant difference between groups (p=0.853). ROC analysis demonstrated moderate diagnostic performance for platelet count (AUC=0.75) and PDW (AUC=0.73), while MPV and PCT showed lower discriminatory value. Conclusions: Platelet count and PDW are inexpensive, readily available biomarkers that may assist in assessing preeclampsia severity. However, given their moderate diagnostic accuracy and the cross-sectional design of this study, they should be considered complementary to established diagnostic criteria. Larger prospective multicentre studies are needed to confirm these findings before routine clinical use.

http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_246642_762c06312153aca6c587f2469634e582.pdf

Tehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences 2676-5497 8 1 2026 03 01 Histopathological Spectrum of Hepatic Lesions in Liver Biopsy and Resection Specimens: A Retrospective Study 19 24 246644 10.30485/ijsrdms.2026.581843.1703 EN Surendhar Asokan Department of Pathology, Government Kallakuirchi Medical College, Tamilnadu, India 0009-0001-9131-1204 Mythili Rajendran Department of Pathology, Government Kallakuirchi Medical College, Tamilnadu, India 0009-0004-6080-2141 Rajeswari Srinivasan Department of Pathology, Government Kallakuirchi Medical College, Tamilnadu, India 0009-0003-4060-1601 Journal Article 2026 01 18 Background and aim: Liver diseases include a broad spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions and remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosing many hepatic disorders and plays a crucial role in patient management. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic characteristics and histomorphological spectrum of hepatic lesions diagnosed over two years at a tertiary care centre. Materials and methods: This retrospective descriptive study included 110 liver biopsy and resection specimens examined in the Department of Pathology at Government Stanley Medical College over 2 years. Routine histopathological evaluation was performed using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, with immunohistochemistry applied when required. Demographic data, specimen types, and histopathological findings were analyzed. Results: Of the 110 cases, 53 were biopsies, and 57 were resection specimens. Among biopsy specimens, 32% were non-neoplastic, and 68% were malignant. In resection specimens, 32% were non-neoplastic, 18% were benign neoplasms, and 51% were malignant. A marked male predominance was observed in both groups. Metastatic carcinoma was the most common malignant lesion in biopsy specimens, whereas hepatocellular carcinoma was the predominant malignant tumour in resection specimens. Hydatid cyst was the most frequent non-neoplastic lesion among resected specimens. Conclusions: Hepatic lesions exhibit a wide histopathological spectrum, with malignant neoplasms comprising the majority of cases. Histopathological evaluation remains essential for accurate diagnosis, appropriate clinical management, and early detection of serious liver diseases, thereby contributing significantly to improved patient outcomes.

http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_246644_c9a0060033b17f5598832fe70d018c82.pdf