Tehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences 2676-5497 8 1 2026 03 01 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandibular Anterior Gingiva with Superficial Alveolar Bone Resorption and Generalized Periodontitis: A Case Report 45 48 254314 10.30485/ijsrdms.2026.598932.1714 EN Humera Shaikh Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Maharashtra, India 0009-0004-4748-0483 Amruta Bansode Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Maharashtra, India Lata Kale Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Maharashtra, India Vibhawari Tayde Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, CSMSS Dental College and Hospital, Maharashtra, India Journal Article 2026 01 02 <span lang="EN-GB">Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a reactive gingival lesion that may clinically resemble other localized gingival overgrowths and, in some cases, may be associated with superficial resorption of the underlying alveolar bone. A 35-year-old woman presented with a localized red-pinkish, pedunculated gingival mass measuring approximately 3.5 × 2 cm in the mandibular anterior region adjacent to teeth 42 and 43. The lesion was firm, lobulated, and prone to bleeding on probing. The patient reported previous local trauma at the same site, while clinical examination revealed marked calculus accumulation, gingival recession, and generalized periodontal findings. Based on the clinical appearance, we initially considered pyogenic granuloma. Intraoral radiographs, panoramic reconstruction, and cone-beam computed tomography demonstrated localized superficial cupping-type resorption of the alveolar crest adjacent to the lesion, without a discrete primary intraosseous lesion. Histopathological examination revealed numerous multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells within a cellular and vascular fibroblastic connective-tissue stroma, with foci of bone formation, confirming the diagnosis of PGCG. The coexistence of generalized periodontal findings and localized superficial alveolar bone resorption highlights the importance of integrating clinical, periodontal, radiographic, and histopathological findings when evaluating localized giant-cell-rich gingival lesions. This case also emphasizes the need to distinguish peripheral lesions with superficial osseous involvement from primary central giant-cell lesions. The observed association between PGCG, periodontal inflammation, trauma, and bone resorption should be interpreted as an association rather than evidence of causation.</span> http://www.ijsrdms.com/article_254314_ec7b389c437a0527bc9376ee86a4b6ec.pdf