Tehran: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences 2676-5497 8 1 2026 03 04 Association of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers with Giant Cell Tumor of Bone and Local Recurrence: A Prospective Comparative Study 8 12 246643 10.30485/ijsrdms.2026.584105.1706 EN Vasudha Dhupper Department of Biochemistry, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India Umesh Yadav Department of Orthopaedics, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Haryana, India 0000-0002-5006-9597 Journal Article 2026 01 06 Background and aim: Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive skeletal neoplasm with a high risk of local recurrence. Although oxidative stress has been implicated in tumor progression, its systemic role in GCTB remains poorly understood. This study evaluated systemic oxidative stress and antioxidant status in patients with GCTB and investigated their potential association with local recurrence. Material and methods: In this prospective comparative study, 48 participants were enrolled, including 24 healthy controls, 20 patients with GCTB without recurrence, and 4 patients with local recurrence. Venous blood samples were collected at diagnosis from all participants and at the time of recurrence in recurrent cases. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured using standardized colorimetric and enzymatic assays. Results: Patients with GCTB showed significantly higher serum MDA levels and significantly lower SOD activity than healthy controls (p < 0.05), indicating disruption of systemic redox homeostasis. Recurrent cases demonstrated the highest MDA levels and the lowest SOD activity; however, differences between recurrent and non-recurrent patients were not statistically significant. Conclusions: GCTB is associated with increased systemic oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant capacity. Although recurrent tumors exhibited greater oxidative imbalance, these findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the limited number of recurrent cases. Larger prospective studies are required to determine whether oxidative stress biomarkers have prognostic value for predicting local recurrence in GCTB.

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